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Clawbacks, extra charges, and disentitlements related to retirement income
February 14, 2014
9:03 pm
Loonie
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There was another thread on similar subject but it doesn't address what I am hoping to discuss, so here goes.
I would like to use this space for us to flag all the ways in which an increased in taxable income could affect entitlement to other social benefits or cost you more money in taxes or surcharges etc. The details can always be checked or updated, but this will provide a list to refer to.
Some of these will vary from province to province.
What I have said below is to the best of my knowledge and my have inaccuracies or may be incomplete, so you should verify whatever applies to your situation.

For starters (as of 2013 income tax year, except where stated):

OAS clawback kicks in at $70,954 net income, and increases at the rate of $.15 per dollar of income, maxing out somewhere around 114,000, at which point you have lost all your OAS.

The Age Credit: If net income is over $34,562, you begin to lose the Age Credit. When income reaches $80,256, you lose it completely.

Ontario Health Premium: Begins to kick in at $25,000, costing you $300. By $72,600, you are paying $750.

Medical Expenses Tax Credit: The more you earn, the less it's worth. It's based on expenses that exceed 3% of income or $2109 (in 2012), whichever is less.

Income Tax Rates on taxable income:
Federal: Under $45,561 = 15%; $45,561.01 to $87,123 = 22%; $87,123.01 to $135,054 = 26%. There is another rate above this.
Ontario: Under $39,723 = 5.05%; $39,723.01 to $79,448 = 9.15%; $79,448.01 to $509,000 = 11.16%
Ontario surtax: Appears to apply to taxable incomes that approximately exceed $45,000; calculation is a bit complicated.

Please add any other items of which you are aware. I am particularly interested in knowing about provincial disentitlements. I have read about them in the past but can no longer recall.

February 14, 2014
11:22 pm
GS1
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Ontario Trillum Drug Benefit - has a complicated formula to determine the deductible applied before the program starts paying for many Rx drugs. The more you make the higher the deductible. For high income earners it becomes a catastrophic plan.

A couple who are both 60 years old and who took full CPP early (thus getting a 70% payout) each making about $8721 per year and have a family deductible of about $290 If they add $10000 each from, say, investment income, the family deductible goes to almost $1200.

These figures are the closest I can come without doing a ton more research to ensure I have all my facts correct.

For interests sake and while I have the spreadsheet open, the same couple with an additional $40,000 each in investment income would have a deductible of about $3900 per year.

So, if someone making that kind of income suffers with, say, MS, and needs a monthly infusion that costs, say $1200 per month then Trillium starts paying after the quarterly deductible is satisfied. I believe in this case the one spouse would need to divide the $3900 in half, and then in quarters to get the quarterly deductible. So, $3900/2=$1950/4=$487.50. The first month's Rx would attract the quarterly deductible and so the person would pay $1200-$487.50=$712.50. The second and third month would be covered. Then the fourth, fifth and sixth months would mimic months one, two and three. The coverage uses the previous years tax return and runs From August 1 through July 31.

This may not be 100% accurate as it has been some time since I helped a friend with his Trillium application. The general details are correct.

GS

February 14, 2014
11:28 pm
GS1
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OAS program also has the GIS (Guaranteed Income Supplement) and the Allowance.

From here:

Guaranteed Income Supplement
If you live in Canada and you have a low income, this monthly non-taxable benefit can be added to your OAS pension.
Allowance
If you are 60 to 64 years of age and your spouse or common-law partner is receiving the Old Age Security pension and is eligible for the Guaranteed Income Supplement, you might be eligible to receive this benefit.

The cut off point for getting the GIS is very low and is found here

GS

February 15, 2014
8:43 am
Loonie
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Thanks, GS.
For clarification, I just wanted to add that the Ontario Trillium Drug Benefits plan is not specific to seniors. It can apply to any age. At 65 years, the Ontario Drug Benefits plan kicks in, which does not (yet!) have any income criteria.

February 15, 2014
4:13 pm
GS1
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Loonie:

Agreed. I initially thought Trillium was just for lower income residents of Ontario but then, in working with folks with higher incomes and massively high drug costs, realized it became a catastrophic plan for them.

GS

February 26, 2014
2:55 pm
Loonie
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Apparently, in some, perhaps all, provinces, the cost of being in a longterm care facility is not entirely funded by gov't. There is a per diem charge which is based on net income minus taxes payable from the previous year.
In the book, Your Retirement Income Blueprint, by Daryl Diamond, (Wiley, 2011), page 206ff, the author gives the example of Manitoba in 2011, where per diem (daily) rates run from about $31 for an income of $14,785 (single) or $45,024 (couple) to $73 for an income of $30,115 (single) or $60,355+ (couple).
Does anyone know how this works in other provinces?

February 26, 2014
6:35 pm
kanaka
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Hi. British Columbia has similar. Based on your last years net income and is continually tweaked by the province. My mother was on CPP, OAS, GIS and CPP survivor from Dad. Basically all income she made was lost, in other words in her
position there was no point to make any interest except a TFSA. She was left with 200 a month which was ok for her as she was bed ridden. But 200 is to cover dental, clothing, personal hygiene, treats, manicure, pedicure, and a those trips on the bus to the casino and bingo parlour.

Because she was bed ridden she could not apply for a TFSA and no bank would allow my wife to buy for her even though she had power of attorney. The reason given was it was assumed my wife was going to make herself the be beneficiary.....but that was not the case......it was going to be set up to be the same beneficiaries as in my Moms will. I know the were ways to do it online...but we did not pursue.

Keep in mind I mentioned it was based on her net income. She never had RRSP's meaning that if she did and was withdrawing them from RRSP or RIF more funds lost! Since it was a subsidy her care was good.

BUT

If you or I get to that point in life does it not make sense to remove all of your RRSP or RIF funds before that happens??
Removing them from the "income" category? That way your principal is still protected from the subsidy clawback leaving the interest only from the principal to be clawed back. I imagine there is a way to protect that from claw back too.....if any one knows......please do tell.

BTW I have the book and have read the first chapter. Are you finding it a good and full of good information?

February 26, 2014
9:16 pm
Deb
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These are the long-term care rates in Alberta:
http://alberta.ca/release.cfm?.....55D83611D3
There is also a comparison of different provinces per diem and monthly maximum rates.
Low income seniors get some subsidies from Alberta Seniors Benefits, but I don't know the details.

Do any of you have thoughts on buying long-term care insurance or experience with older relatives using it? I have life (term and whole), disability, critical illlness, home and auto insurance, which adds up to a ridiculous amount a month, but no long-term care insurance at this point. I'm not a big fan of insurance companies in general. It seems they often do all they can to deny claims and limit payouts whenever possible, even though you pay into it all your life.

Kanaka, I read "Your Retirement Income Blueprint" recently and found it chock full of useful information. I believe the author offers consultations via his website as well. I also read one called "Pensionize Your Nest Egg", by Moshe Milevsky in which the author makes a very good case for using annuities as at least part of your retirement financial plan. He really gets into the nitty gritty of the numbers in his analyses of retirement scenarios, for those who don't mind a little math. I also have one by Gordon Pape called "Retirement's Harsh New Realities", which I haven't read yet.
Most of the literature on this topic is from the US and not always relevant to us, so I found it particularly useful to find well-respected Canadian authorities offering Canadian information on this important topic for those of us entering this demographic.

February 27, 2014
9:23 am
kanaka
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Here is a sample.
http://www.oneill-inc.com/_res.....102011.pdf

I better get reading before the weather gets better!

Thanks

February 27, 2014
12:34 pm
Loonie
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kanaka said

She was left with 200 a month which was ok for her as she was bed ridden. But 200 is to cover dental, clothing, personal hygiene, treats, manicure, pedicure, and a those trips on the bus to the casino and bingo parlour.

Because she was bed ridden she could not apply for a TFSA and no bank would allow my wife to buy for her even though she had power of attorney. The reason given was it was assumed my wife was going to make herself the be beneficiary.....but that was not the case......it was going to be set up to be the same beneficiaries as in my Moms will. I know the were ways to do it online...but we did not pursue.

Keep in mind I mentioned it was based on her net income. She never had RRSP's meaning that if she did and was withdrawing them from RRSP or RIF more funds lost! Since it was a subsidy her care was good.

BUT

If you or I get to that point in life does it not make sense to remove all of your RRSP or RIF funds before that happens??
Removing them from the "income" category? That way your principal is still protected from the subsidy clawback leaving the interest only from the principal to be clawed back. I imagine there is a way to protect that from claw back too.....if any one knows......please do tell.

BTW I have the book and have read the first chapter. Are you finding it a good and full of good information?

Hi Kanaka,

A few comments in response.
In Ontario, the 200/mo. which the person is left with is only 134, I believe. It is adjusted annually. You make a good point about them having to pay for dental etc.
I think the bank or whatever was being very lazy in not allowing TFSA. They probably didn't see much future in it for themselves, dealing with someone who was bedridden, and couldn't be bothered. Legally, no one can appoint a beneficiary of anything except the person themselves, not even their POA, so they had nothing to worry about really.
"Based on net income" - yes, this is what the author says as well, in regards to the provinces generally.
I suppose you could withdraw all your RIFs etc but you would pay a wopping tax if you did it all at once. I guess it would depend on how long you expected to live, whether it was worth your while, which is usually hard to predict. Also, there must be some kind of limit on how much they will charge for the longterm care homes, so that would need to be weighed as well. This may be the point at which an RIF annuity makes sense. There are all kinds of specialized annuities, and you pay extra for the frills, not usually worth it, but in case like this, it might be worth it to get one that provides a hefty payout at the end when the person dies. It would be a way of protecting assets for the next generation perhaps. The monthly payout on this kind of annuity is reduced, but since you want to reduce income rather than increase it, this might be a help. Annuity income from RIFs is fully taxed. In this regard, insurance companies can sometimes be useful. Also segregated funds might work, but I don't really know anything about them except that they are an insurance product intended to provide for beneficiaries. The book Deb mentioned, Pensionize Your Nestegg, apparently says quite a bit about segregated funds, so I have heard, but have not read it.

I have only read certain chunks of the Blueprint book so far, as I needed certain info right now, but intend to read the whole thing. Looks like a useful book. I have read several, but this one does stand out as having more actual information. Most books essentially say the same things over and over again, except for the ones that want to convince you of one particular strategy. I liked The Skeptical Investor by John Lawrence Reynolds.. he had more skullduggery to report on as to how the financial industry really works, not in your favour, and I found that useful.
NOTE: I have no particular expertise, just reporting on things I have read.sf-smile

February 27, 2014
12:47 pm
Loonie
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Thanks for that press release, Deb. Not surprising, I suppose, that BC is high, with a disproportionate number of seniors living there.
I have no experience (yet) with the various insurances directed at aging populations.
I think none of us know what is going to happen longer term with health care except that it's going to cost us more money one way or another. The advantage of insurance is always that it spreads the risk, but I always feel that I am never entirely confident that I will get what I paid for if I need it. They have so many ways of wiggling out of what we might consider to be their obligations, and an army of high-priced lawyers to help them say so - which, by the way, we pay for. They are always crying wolf every time there is a natural disaster etc. They have their ways of spreading every disaster over the entire world.
The best advice MIGHT be to buy dividend stocks in a solid insurance company!

February 27, 2014
1:16 pm
Loonie
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Just found a list of the costs of nursing home beds for Ontario but does not show the relationship to income per se, or at least if it does I can't figure it out.
http://www.oanhss.org/OANHSS/C......aspx#LTC5

February 27, 2014
3:51 pm
kanaka
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BC http://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/topi.....267D09577E
What it says and what a home really does is two different things!! I don't want to get into it because I buried the hatchet over the poor care that was provided for my mother.
As far as removing RRSP and RIF funds....you don't do it all at once. You have to plan the withdrawals while keeping in the lowest tax bracket and reinvesting it wisely and still allocated as untouchable money.

February 27, 2014
4:01 pm
GS1
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Loonie and others:

Ontario's program is fairly simple, as I understand it. It got a little more complicated one or two rate increases ago.

There were three classes of beds: Private, Semi-Private and Basic. Basic currently costs the resident $1707.59 (from your link) with the province picking up the additional amount the home gets -- roughly $1700, but I cannot easily find my notes on that so let's call it $1700. Semi-private and private are also $1707.59 but each have an additional charge raising them to around $2000 and $2300 per month total that the resident pays. The province still pays their basic amount ($1700).

This all changed with the rate changes effective July 1, 2012 (the rates are adjusted every July 1) with the addition of class designations for semi-private and private beds. Basically, the class is determined by when the home was built or by what facilities the home has. My Mom was in a 35 year old home that was not air conditioned and it was a Class D. Currently "New" or "A" beds take one rate and "B", "C" and "D" beds take another rate and it depends on when the resident moved in as to which fee structure applies. The infrastructure is now there to further fine tune bed costs. BUT, this does not apply to Basic. The co-pay for the resident for Basic is $1707.59.

The Ontario Provincial support works as follows (simplistically - this is not regulation or likely even 100% correct, but it outlines the gist of the program): The resident must be in a Basic accommodation. The resident must have applied for all other benefit programs: CPP, OAS, GIS, other government programs, other private programs. Then all sources of income are added up (those listed previously as well as other income) and if they total less than the $1707.59 monthly basic rate then the resident is eligible for a rate reduction, effectively having the province pay the difference up to $1707.59.

Now, I don't see anywhere in the application where one has to disclose one's net worth. I cannot imagine the province allowing someone to have, say, $100,000 in a bank account, earning $2000 per year at 2% and not using a portion of the principal to pay for their accommodation. But, I can also see someone gifting that to their favourite child or charity to get the province to pay. And one needs enough for a funeral.

My Aunt is currently in a nice 57 bed home constructed some 10 - 15 years ago. It has three wings of 19 beds each. Fifteen of the rooms on each wing are private and two are semi-private. So, if my Aunt's income were to be less than $1707.59 the home would move her to one of the semi-private rooms. But, in reality she would stay where she currently is (private room) as the semi-private rooms are full and there is a waiting list for both private and semi-private.

If a new patient were to be admitted today and their income was less than $1707.59 then they would likely go in a semi-private room unless there were none available.

Greg

===================================================
From the Application Form:

To be used only by Residents Applying for Rate Reduction With a Notice of Assessment

As a resident of a LTC home, you are required to pay a co-payment for your accommodation. This requirement is set out in the Long-Term Care Homes Act, 2007 (the Act).

The Rate Reduction Program is intended to provide a reduction in the co-payment amount you are required to pay based on your available income. Only residents residing in basic accommodation may apply for a reduction in the co-payment amount.

Before you can apply for a rate reduction you need to apply for other income support and benefit programs available through the federal, provincial and municipal government.

In order to fairly assess your application for a reduction in the co-payment, otherwise known as a “rate
reduction”, it is important that you report all income available to you.

As a resident applying for rate reduction you may be required to have a Notice of Assessment. You will also be required to report all the income sources available to you.

This supporting document list will help you determine whether you have the required documentation to apply for a rate reduction. The documentation required will be used to assess:

Your eligibility based on whether you have accessed all available income; and

Your rate reduction based on the income available to you.
===================================================

February 27, 2014
6:37 pm
Loonie
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Thanks for the voice of experience, GS. I am actually about to embark on the process of getting an Ontario relative into a nursing home. Gulp!
I didn't understand the A,B,C,D set-up, so I appreciate the explanation.
I can't IMAGINE a nursing home without air conditioning in Ontario, unless it's in Moosonee. I would never have thought to ask about that, so thanks for the tip. It ought to be a standard requirement in my opinion.
From what little I have been told so far, assets do not count at all, only income.

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